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brain_organs [2016/01/03 21:20] n.arakawa created |
brain_organs [2018/06/03 09:43] n.arakawa |
==== Brain Organs ==== | ==== Brain Organs ==== |
The [[WBA Product]] specification requires a WBA model to have correspondence with actual brain organs.\\ | As the [[WBA Product]] specification requires a WBA model to have correspondence with actual brain organs, |
So this page refers to concrete brain organs to give an 'image' of WBA.\\ A WBA would have to incorporate at least the first three components (the perceptual system, the hippocampus, and the pre-frontal-cortex-basal-ganglia-thalamus loop). | this page refers to them to give an 'image' of WBA.\\ A WBA model would have to incorporate at least the first three components (the perceptual system, the hippocampus, and the pre-frontal-cortex-basal-ganglia-thalamus loop).\\ |
| Here, it is important that a WBA model is constructed so that it can perform more than one generic class of tasks (as WBA aims for AGI). |
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Note that this page is under construction. | //Note that this page is under construction.// |
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=== Two-Stream Perceptual System === | === Two-Stream Perceptual System === |
It is hypothesized that the visual and auditory systems in the brain are separated into [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-streams_hypothesis|ventral and dorsal streams]].\\ The feature-place separation by the two streams would be related to [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_problem|the binding problem]] (at least the binding of information on perceptual features and their locations).\\ | It is hypothesized that the visual and auditory systems in the brain are separated into [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-streams_hypothesis|ventral and dorsal streams]].\\ The feature-place separation by the two streams would be related to [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_problem|the binding problem]] (at least the binding of information on perceptual features and their locations).\\ |
At least the ventral stream consists of a cascade of cortical regions, forming a 'deep' network. A model also has to take into account the fact that the cascade is richly bi-directional with afferent and efferent connections. | At least the ventral stream consists of a cascade of cortical regions, forming a 'deep' network.\\ A WBA model would also have to take into account the fact that the cascade is richly bi-directional with afferent and efferent connections. |
=== Hippocampus === | === Hippocampus === |
The hippocampus, consisting of several sub-regions, is supposed to be responsible to the following cognitive functions among others. | The [[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Models_of_hippocampus|hippocampus]], consisting of several sub-regions, is supposed to be responsible to the following cognitive functions among others. |
* Transferring mid-term memory into long-term memory | * Transferring mid-term memory into long-term memory |
* Navigation (at least in rodents; see [[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Grid_cells|the grid cells and place cells]]) | * Navigation (at least in rodents; see [[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Grid_cells|the grid cells and place cells]]) |
As the place cells respond to the places the subject has visited, it is supposed to be related to long-term memory.\\ | As the place cells respond to places where the subject has visited, they are supposed to be related also to long-term memory.\\ |
The circuitry of the hippocampus has been well studied. | The circuitry of the hippocampus has been well studied. |
=== Pre-frontal Cortex, Basal Ganglia and Thalamus === | === Pre-frontal Cortex, Basal Ganglia and Thalamus === |
The basal ganglia are hypothesized to use reinforcement learning principles.\\ | The basal ganglia are hypothesized to use reinforcement learning principles.\\ |
For a computational model, see\\ | For a computational model, see\\ |
O'Reilly et al.: [[http://psych.colorado.edu/~oreilly/papers/OReillyFrank06_pbwm.pdf|Making Working Memory Work: A Computational Model of Learning in the Frontal Cortex and Basal Ganglia]], Neural Computation, 18, pp.283-328 (2006) | * O'Reilly et al.: [[http://psych.colorado.edu/~oreilly/papers/OReillyFrank06_pbwm.pdf|Making Working Memory Work: A Computational Model of Learning in the Frontal Cortex and Basal Ganglia]], Neural Computation, 18, pp.283-328 (2006) |
| * [[https://grey.colorado.edu/CompCogNeuro/index.php/CCNBook/Motor|CCNBook Motor]] ([[CCNBook-Motor summary|summary]]) |
| * [[https://grey.colorado.edu/CompCogNeuro/index.php/CCNBook/Executive|CCNBook Executive]] ([[CCNBook-Executive summary|summary]]) |
=== Amygdala === | === Amygdala === |
The amygdala is supposed to be related to affect.\\ | The amygdala is supposed to be related to affect.\\ |
See [[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Amygdala|Amygdala@Scholarpedia]] for detailed explanation. | See [[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Amygdala|Amygdala@Scholarpedia]] for detailed explanation. |
=== 'Language Areas' === | === 'Language Areas' === |
If you make a human-level WBA model, you definitely have to take the 'language areas' into account.\\ | If you are to make a human-level WBA model, you definitely have to take the 'language areas' into account.\\ |
[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke%27s_area|Wernicke's area]] and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca%27s_area|Broca's area]] are two well known language areas, where the former is hypothesized to be involved in language comprehension and the latter speech production.\\ | [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke%27s_area|Wernicke's area]] and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca%27s_area|Broca's area]] are two well known language areas, where the former is hypothesized to be involved in language comprehension and the latter speech production.\\ |
For a computational model, see\\ | For a computational model, see\\ |